By Gordan Crawford, Christof Hartmann
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Additional info for Decentralisation in Africa: A Pathway out of Poverty and Conflict?
Example text
Since then, the implementation and institutionalisation of decentralisation has gained momentum. It was first enshrined in the Local Government (Resist- Susan Steiner ance Councils) Statute of 1993 and then in the Constitution of 1995. Since the constitution made provisions on principles, structures and finances of local governments that went much further than the 1993 Statute, it became necessary to repeal the Statute and replace it by another legal document. The resultant Local Governments Act of 1997 paved the way for full implementation of the decentralisation reform as envisioned by the government, and determines the political, administrative and fiscal aspects of decentralisation in Uganda today.
9 Capacity is not equated with effectiveness, as a capable local government is not automatically well-performing and effective if it does not apply its capacity in the interest of the common good (World Bank , 1997). This implies that local governments’ capacity is a crucial precondition for making decentralisation effective for poverty alleviation, but capacity itself does not necessarily lead Constraints on the Implementation of Decentralisation to reductions in poverty. In order to make local governments capable, adequate human capital and sufficient financial resources play an equally important role.
In principle, I could have visited any other of the then fifty-six Ugandan districts. However, due to the prevalence of many shortcomings related to decentralisation in this district, Tororo turned out to be a very instructive example. While in Uganda, I also obtained the data of the 2004 National Service Delivery Survey from the Uganda Bureau of Statistics. This survey covers more than 17,000 households nationwide who had been questioned about six service sectors: agricultural extension, education, health, road infrastructure, governance, and water and sanitation.