By Alan Holden
This sincerely illustrated rationalization the fundamental rules of crystals might be used as a textual content or supplementary sourcebook via high-school scholars (for which it used to be initially written), scholars on the junior university or undergraduate point, or the overall reader with an curiosity in technology.
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Previous page page_30 next page > < previous page page_31 next page > Page 31 can continue it in a disorderly way only by making each added pattern different from every other. As you do this, you use up more and more of the possible ways of strewing the motifs in disorder within each pattern. In the resulting construction all the patterns would be different and placed next to one another at random. Hence, any such effort will look like any other such effort. You cannot distinguish two different disorderly constructions in any other way than by specifying exactly where each item is located in each construction.
Hence, if an atom has "one too few" electrons, so that it has a positive charge, it will attract any electron nearby, and usually capture it. If an atom has "one too many" electrons, it will repel all other electrons, and indeed it is usually a sitting duck for the loss of its extra electron to some other atom having one too few. And now, returning to the experiment with the salt solution and the battery, you see that sodium chloride, in solution at any rate, furnishes an exception to the general rule that atoms are electrically neutral.
And there are places in the world where the evaporation of salty water in the past has left crystalline deposits of salt. " Another salt even more familiar to the geologist is calcite. It is not very soluble in water, but it dissolves a little more readily if the water also dissolves some carbon dioxide gas. Calcite is the salt composing chalk, limestone, marble, and the remarkable columns of rock in some caves, called stalactites and stalagmites. It is the principal offender in most "hard water"; the dissolved salt reacts chemically with the dissolving soap, destroying the suds.